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The Almquist shell (also known as A Shell, ash and sh) is a lightweight Unix shell originally written by Kenneth Almquist in the late 1980s. Initially a clone of the System V.4 variant of the Bourne shell, it replaced the original Bourne shell in the BSD versions of Unix released in the early 1990s. Derivative versions of ash are still installed as the default shell (/bin/sh) on FreeBSD, NetBSD, DragonFly BSD, MINIX, and Android,〔(【引用サイトリンク】deadurl=yes )〕 〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate= 23 April 2014 )〕 and in some Linux distributions. Debian and derived Linux distributions such as Ubuntu ship a version of ash, known as dash (Debian Almquist shell), as the default /bin/sh, although Bash is the default login shell for interactive use. The reason for using dash is faster shell script execution, especially during startup of the operating system, compared to previous versions of Debian and Ubuntu that used Bash for this purpose. Ash is also fairly popular in embedded Linux systems; its code was incorporated into the BusyBox catch-all executable often employed in this area. ==History== ash was first released via a posting to the comp.sources.unix Usenet news group, approved and moderated by Rich Salz on 30 May 1989. It was described as "a reimplementation of the System V shell () most features of that shell, plus some additions".The following is extracted from the ash package information from Slackware: Fast, small, and virtually compatible with the POSIX standard's specification of the Unix shell, ash did not feature line editing or command history mechanisms, because Almquist felt that such functionality should be moved into the terminal driver. However, current variants support it. Dash replaced ash and became the default /bin/sh in Debian 6 (Squeeze).〔(Dash as /bin/sh )〕 Dash became the default /bin/sh in Ubuntu starting with the 6.10 release in October 2006.〔(Dash as /bin/sh in Ubuntu 6.10 )〕 During the transition by Ubuntu, numerous scripts making use of Bash-specific functionality (but not declaring it) were discovered.〔(Ubuntu bug #61463: script that are using bash could be broken with the new symlink )〕〔(Ubuntu bug #141481: dash as #!/bin/sh introduces countless incompatibilities )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Almquist shell」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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